Yikes. Nope, I've never heard any of those terms. That's a semi, or semi-trailer if you aren't shortening it. I've also never heard the vehicle to pull those style of trailers called tractors (to me those are rigs) - here a tractor is a non-road vehicle used for cultivation.

Wiki also just taught me that road trains are legally limited to under 20m in America. That would cripple road transport here. But it would make driving a bit less nerve-wracking.